Our review highlights three key insights:

Strong foundations exist – Several well-tested Erasmus+ toolkits already support online safety, phishing prevention, and digital security through interactive and peer-based approaches (e.g. SALTO and KA2 projects).

EU-level platforms matter – Hubs like Better Internet for Kids, Safer Internet Centres, and the European Youth Portal provide reliable, up-to-date materials for education, awareness campaigns, and events like Safer Internet Day.

Clear gaps remain – Practical AI recognition skills and resources tailored for marginalized or minority-language groups are still limited. While phishing and viral risk topics are addressed, materials are unevenly shared and often lack strong evaluation.

These findings show why new, inclusive, and AI-focused tools are urgently needed to support youth and educators across Europe.